Risks of corruption in the process of privatization of state property in Samtskhe-Javakheti
In the years 2013-2021, persons with links to the Georgian Dream and serving in public office, as well as their family members – 39 natural/legal persons in total – purchased land with an area of 129,775 sq. meters, which was put on 54 electronic auctions, for GEL 7,725,685. Out of this, 75% (97,417 sq. meters) of the alienated land was sold without competition, after only one bid, for GEL 2,938,300. In addition, 8 natural/legal persons received an area of 378,223 sq. meters for GEL 1,458,387[1] through direct sale method.
Public officials and their family members
Twenty-three individuals, or their family members, bought a total of 61,511 sq. meters of land through an electronic auction while these individuals were held a public office or worked in a public agency; out of them, 15 persons got 57,658 sq. meters (93.7%) of land without competition, after only one bid.
Gocha Parunashvili was appointed to the position of Advisor to the Mayor of the Akhaltsikhe Municipality on April 3, 2013. A month after he took office, on May 15, 2013, he bought – without competition and through an electronic auction – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 100 sq. meters near Mikutishvili Street in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 1,100.
On January 13, 2014, Tamaz Gogoladze bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 248 aq. meters in the village of Tadzrisi and the building of a former boiler-house with an area of 43 sq. meters situated on the land plot for GEL 2,185. The property had been put on an electronic auction by the Municipal Administration of Borjomi. At that time, Tamaz Gogoladze held the position of Chairperson of Commission at the City Council of Borjomi.
In August 2014, Arsen Oveyan bought – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,173 sq. meters near the Akhaltsikhe-Akhalkalaki highway in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 30,000. Arsen Oveyan’s father, Samvel Oveyan, was the Chairperson of the Commission at the City Council of Akhaltsikhe at that time.
On September 30, 2014, Asya Danelyan bought – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,421 sq. meters at 2 Malkhasyan Street in Akhalkalaki and object no. 1 (building of a laundry with an area of 219.3 sq. meters) located on it for GEL 27,000. At that time, her son, Harutun Hovhanesyan was the Head of the Municipal Administration of Akhalkalaki.
Two weeks later, on October 16, 2014, Harutun Hovhanesyan himself also bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,351 sq. meters at 2 Malkhasyan Street in Akhalkalaki for GEL 28,500.
On October 6, 2014, Mindia Jelia bought – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 360 sq. meters near 12 Balakhashvili Street in Adigeni and object no. 1 (former boiler-house with an area of 130 sq. meters) located on it for GEL 4,500. At that time, he had been appointed to the position of the First Deputy Head of the Municipal Administration of Adigeni for four months.
On March 13, 2015, Gevork Kspoyan bought – through an electronic auction – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 88 sq. meters in the village of Gandza, Ninotsminda Municipality, and a building – object no. 1 (former building of the police station of Ninotsminda) located on it for GEL 10,500. At that time, Gevork Kspoyan’s father, Andranik Kspoyan, held the position of the Head of the Legal Service at the Municipal Administration of Ninotsminda.
On May 21, 2015, Meskhuri Nobati LLC bought – through an electronic auction – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 249 sq. meters adjacent to 5 Iverieli Street in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 19,000. Meskhuri Nobati LLC was previously called Bazari LLC and had an agricultural market in the same location. On August 29, 2014, eight owners of Bazari LLC alienated/ceded a stake valued at USD 200,000 to Rusudan Gogoladze – the spouse of Gela Petashvili, a deputy who had entered the Akhaltsikhe City Council from the Georgian Dream a month before and the Chairperson of Commission. First Gela Petashvili’s uncle, Oleg Petashvili, and then his brother, Gia Petashvili, were appointed as the director of this limited liability company. It was after this that the company was given the name of Meskhuri Nobati, which won the auction and built the apartment building Meskheti Tower on the location of the former market.
On August 31, 2020, the same company of the Petashvili family also bought – also through an electronic auction and without competition – non-agricultural land plots with an area of 101 sq. meters and 55 sq. meters in Abastumani for GEL 16,500. Exactly a year later, on August 31 2021, the father of the Petashvilis, Tamaz Petashvili, who owns stakes in three different construction companies, donated GEL 1,000 to the Georgian Dream. The construction companies in which Tamaz Petashvili owns stakes have received more than GEL 13 million through public procurements in the years 2011-2022.
On February 1, 2016, Davit Goksadze purchased – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 763 sq. meters in the village of Uraveli, Akhaltsikhe Municipality, and a building located on it – object no.1 (ruined) for GEL 3,400. At that time, his brother, Besik Goksadze, was the Chairperson of the Commission at the Akhaltsikhe City Council.
On February 25, 2016, Meeki LLC purchased – through an electronic auction – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,500 sq. meters in the village of Kartsakhi, Akhalkalaki Municipality, for GEL 92,000. Meeki LLC is a company of the family of Enzel Mkoyan; at that time, he was a majoritarian MP at the Parliament of Georgia elected from the Georgian Dream.
On March 30, 2016, Artur Iritsyan bought, through an electronic auction, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 676 sq. meters in the village of Kotelia, Akhalkalaki Municipality, for GEL 21,100. At that time his brother, Nair Iritsyan, was the Deputy Chairperson of the Akhalkalaki Municipal Council.
On March 24, 2017, Vard Mosoyan purchased – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,308 sq. meters in the village of Totkhami, Akhalkalaki Municipality, for GEL 8,000. At that time, he held the position of the Manager of the Akhalkalaki Service Center of the United Water Supply Company of Georgia. In February 2018, he was indicted on the charges of appropriation and embezzlement. According to the case materials, in 2014 the Vem company that was registered in his spouse’s name won a tender announced by the Akhalkalaki City Hall for the rehabilitation of the water supply system and carried out the works with the involvement of the machinery and employees of the United Water Supply Company.
On June 23, 2018, Eduard Saharyan bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 4,400 sq. meters in the village of Vachiani (Kharta), Akhalkalaki Municipality, and building no. 1 (ruins) located on it for GEL 9,500. At that time, his brother, Ashot Saaryan, held the position of the Chairperson of the Georgian Dream – Conservatives faction at the Akhalkalaki Municipal Council. It should be noted that Ashot Saaryan held the position of the Chairperson of the faction in the years 2014-2021, while his brother Eduard Saharyan received GEL 722,927 through the public procurements of the City Hall of the Akhalkalaki Municipality in the years 2015-2017.
On February 14, 2019, Marika Chitashvili won a non-competitive auction for the privatization of a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,384 sq. meters in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 21,500. At that time, she was a judge of the District Court of Akhaltsikhe.
On March 7, 2019, Besik Chilingarashvili bought, at an uncompetitive auction, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 171 sq. meters in the territory of Skhvilisi on Abastumani highway in Akhaltsikhe and building no. 1 located on it for GEL 3,600. At that time, he held the position of the Head of the Military Division at the Vake District Administration in Tbilisi.
On March 11, 2019, Maka Gelashvili purchased, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 109 sq. meters adjacent to 14 Rustaveli Street in Borjomi for GEL 15,800. At that time, her spouse, Jemal Kabulashvili, worked in the position of Deputy Director of N(N)LE Cleaning and Municipal Improvements Service of Borjomi. Three months later, on June 10, Maka Gelashvili gave half of the land as a gift to Giorgi Tsikarishvili, who has ties with former officials in the Borjomi Municipality. TI Georgia wrote about the possible corrupt procurements of Tsikarishvili and his spouse in March 2022.
On December 2, 2019, Levan Lobjanidze won – without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 2,000 sq. meters in the village of Mlashe, Adigeni Municipality, at an electronic auction for GEL 10,500. At that time, his brother, Achiko Lobjanidze, was the Mayoral Representatives to the Mlashe Administrative Unit of the Adigeni Municipality.
On December 9, 2019, Larisa Akopyan bought, without competition, non-agricultural land plots – one with an area of 102 sq. meters for GEL 2,800 and another with an area of 78 sq. meters for GEL 1,800 – adjacent to 28 Eristavi Street in Adigeni. At that time, she held the position of Specialist at the Military Conscription and Registration Service of the City Hall of the Adigeni Municipality.
On December 17, 2019, Anzor Bardzimadze bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 92 sq. meters in the village of Atskuri, Akhaltsikhe Municipality, for GEL 3,400. At that time, Anzor Bardzimidze’s eldest son, Giorgi Bardzimadze, held the position of Specialist at the Supervision Service of the City Hall of the Akhaltsikhe Municipality. And since 2021, his youngest son, Zurab Bardzimadze, has been the Deputy Chairperson of the Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia faction at the Akhaltsikhe City Hall.
On September 8, 2020, Zaza Geladze bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 124 sq. meters at 18 Tsikhisdziri Street in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 19,500. In the years 2016-2020, Geladze was the Head of the Bureau of Giorgi Kopadze, the majoritarian MP of Akhaltsikhe-Adigeni from the Georgian Dream at the Parliament of Georgia.
On November 24, 2020, Artur Mkoyan bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 325 sq. meters in the village of Diliska, Akhalkalaki Municipality, for GEL 3,900. At that time, he was the Chairperson of the Georgian Dream – Youth faction at the Akhalkalaki City Council.
On February 8, 2021, Karapet Karapetyan bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 22 aq. meters on Paliashvili Street in Abastumani for GEL 3,200. Four months later, on June 16, 2021, Karapet Karapetyan gave the said land plot as a gift to Tigran Melkonyan, a member of the Akhaltsikhe City Council from the Georgian Dream.
On December 28, 2021, Vagram Adumyan purchased, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 39,594 sq. meters at 103 Pushkin Street in Ninotsminda and the buildings situated on it for GEL 238,500. Vagram Adumyan’s son, Sergey Adumyan, is a member of the Municipal Council of Ninotsminda from the Georgian Dream.
On January 22, 2021, Tatia Khutsishvili bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 3,717 sq. meters in Akhaltsikhe and buildings located on it for GEL 71,000. Tatia Khutsishvili is a sister of Natia Khutsishvili, Deputy Director of N(N)LE Akhaltsikhe Prison.
Persons with links to the Georgian Dream
Members of the Georgian Dream party and their family members, as well as their business partners and donors of the party – 8 natural/legal persons in total – have bought an area of 22,120 sq. meters through electronic auctions. Of this, they purchased 16,325 sq. meters (73.8%) without competition, after only one bid.
On March 23, 2016, Tamar Dalalishvli bought – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with and area of 40 sq. meters adjacent to 1 Didimamishvili Street in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 3,200. Her spouse, Bichiko Modebadze, has been a member of the Georgian Dream party since 2012; on March 31, 2018, Bichiko Modebadze was elected as a member of the Bureau of the Akhaltsikhe District Organization of the Georgian Dream. On June 13 of the same year, Bichiko Modebadze’s son, Irakli Modebadze, purchased, also through an electronic auction and without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 7,128 sq. meters in the village of Uraveli, Akhaltsikhe Municipality, and building no. 1 (under construction) located on it for GEL 23,500. A year later, on May 25, 2019, Irakli Modebadze, bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot, also in Uraveli, with an area of 1,746 sq. meters and buildings located on it for GEL 6,700.
In addition, on December 29, 2017, Bichiko Modebadze’s brother, Kakhaber Modebadze, purchased – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 579 sq. meters adjacent to the bridge of Uraveli in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 3,200. At that time, Kakhaber Modebadze worked as a supervisor of works for Zimo LLC, a company with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili; the company was building an apartment building in Akhaltsikhe for employees of law enforcement agencies.
On September 19, 2016, Sabpetrol LLC bought – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 2,745 sq. meters in the village of Aral, Adigeni Municipality, for GEL 28,000. On October 13, 2016, the company purchased, also without competition, another non-agricultural land plot with an area of 749 sq. meters in the same village for GEL 12,000. Aral-Petrol LCC, a company of Pavle Batmanashvili who is the director of the said company and owns a 15% stake in it, donated GEL 60,000 to the Georgian Dream on October 20, 2016, two months after the purchase of the two land plots.
On June 17, 2021, one more company of Pavle Batmanashvili, Leadoil LLC, in which he owns a 50% stake and serves as the director, bought, through an electronic auction and without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,552 sq. meters near the Akhaltsikhe-Akhalkalaki highway in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 40,000. A month later, on August 3, 2021, Batmanashvili donated GEL 10,000 to the Georgian Dream. His companies, Para Petrol LLC, Aral-Petrol LLC, and Empa Company LLC, have received more than GEL 700,000 through public procurements in the years 2015-2022.
On May 31, 2019, Samvel Gogoryan bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,629 sq. meters adjacent to Agmashenebeli Street in Akhalkalaki for GEL 41,000. He is a business partner of Samvel Manukyan, a member of the Parliament of Georgia from the Georgian Dream. At the same time, Samvel Gogoryan and Samvel Manukyan each own a 50% stake in Geofood LLC.
On April 16, 2020, Imeda Mumladze bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 7 sq. meters on Tamarashvili Street in Akhaltsikhe and building no. 1 located on it, as well as a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 204 sq. meters adjacent to Tamarashvili Street and building no. 1 located on it, for which he paid GEL 22,500. Before the state put the said land plots on auction, Atlant-Oil LLC, a company belonging to Imeda Mumladze and his business partner, the former Chairperson of the Georgian Dream faction, Mamuka Mikeladze, had built a gas station on this land plot without a construction permit. TI Georgia also wrote about the unlawful construction in April 2020. It should be noted that, on May 27, 2020, Imeda Mumladze purchased, also without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,029 aq. meters adjacent to the Akhaltsikhe-Akhalkalaki highway in Akhaltsikhe for GEL 33,000.
On December 9, 2021, Zaur Tskhadadze purchased a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 3,417 sq. meters in Abastumani for GEL 960,000. Four months before he bought the land plot, on September 24, 2021, he had donated GEL 60,000 to the Georgian Dream.
On July 29, 2021, Mshen-2014 LLC bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,295 sq. meters on Stalin Street in Borjomi and building no. 1 (ruins) located on it for GEL 35,000. Another company of the director of this company, Shalva Pkhikidze, Mshen – 2008 LLC, in which he owns a 70% stake and serves as the director, had donated GEL 15,000 to the Georgian Dream a month before the acquisition of the land, on August 2, 2021. Three companies of Shalva Pkhikidze, Mshen – 2008 LLC, Texas LLC, and Mshen – 2014 LLC, have received GEL 131,830 from public procurements in the years 2016-2022.
Companies with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili
Eight companies with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili have bought land with a total area of 46,144 sq. meters through electronic auctions, 23,434 sq. meters (50.7%) of which were alienated without competition. All the 8 companies purchased land plots in Abastumani after August 2018, when Bidzina Ivanishvili bought a land plot there to build a house.
On August 29, 2018, Demetre Tateshvili purchased – through an electronic auction and without competition – a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 2,000 sq. meters adjacent to 18 Paliashvili Street in Abastumani for GEL 222,000 and another land plot with an area of 1,883 sq. meters for GEL 210,000. However, in August 2020, Tateshvili returned both land plots to the state. In return, on the basis of an agreement on mutual transfer of property, he received 4,660 sq. meters of land that borders the Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park and is located near Bidzina Ivanishvili’s Paragraph Marriot Hotel, which is under construction. In August 2018, after Bidzina Ivanishvili arrived in Abastumani, the Tateshvilis sold him land for building a house. It was ten days after this bargain that Demetre Tateshvili purchased the two land plots at an electronic auction.
On September 10, 2018, Emerald LLC bought non-agricultural land plots on Zakaria Paliashvili Street in Abastumani without competition – one plot with an area of 1983 sq. meters for GEL 161,000 and another with an area of 1,145 sq. meters for GEL 96,000. The company has links with Bidzina Ivanishvili, as JSC Cartu Group owns the 100% stake in it.
On October 2, 2018, JSC Gavelton Investments Limited purchased, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 4,613 sq. meters adjacent to Paliashvili Street in Abastumani for GEL 373,000. On October 10, 2020, the company also bought another non-agricultural land plot with an area of 40 sq. meters adjacent to Paliashvili Street in Abastumani for GEL 8,000. This company is registered in Belize and its final beneficial owners are unknown. However, this company may also have links with Bidzina Ivanishvili, because the land plots around this plot were purchased by his companies.
On December 18, 2018, Tsisartkela LLC bought, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot in Abastumani with an area of 5,539 sq. meters for GEL 557,000, and on June 21, 2019, it bought a land plot with an area of 2,183 sq. meters also in Abastumani, on Asatiani Street, for GEL 220,500. On June 2, 2020, Tsisartkela LLC also purchased a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 114 sq. meters in Abastumani for GEL 43,000. A 51% stake in this company is owned by Georgian Tourism Development Fund LLC. And this limited liability company is owned by JSC Frakston International, an offshore company with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili.
On January 3, 2019, Association Atu purchased a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 116 sq. meters in the village of Abastumani for GEL 6,800. This company has direct links with Bidzina Ivanishvili.
On February 15, 2019, Sanapiros Khedi LLC bought non-agricultural land plots with an area of 16,004 sq. meters, 2,974 sq. meters, and 4,607 sq. meters at 40 Paliashvili Street in Abastumani together with buildings, as well as ruined buildings, for GEL 3,540,000. On September 13 of the same year, the company also purchased, without competition, a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,751 sq. meters adjacent to 49 Paliashvili Street in Abastumani for GEL 72,000. The owner of this limited liability company is an offshore company Limestone Finance International, also with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili.
On August 15, 2019, Abastumani 2019 LLC bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 582 sq. meters for GEL 71,000; on September 2, 2020 – a land plot with an area of 759 sq. meters for GEL 114,000; and on November 19, 2020 – land plots with an area of 105 sq. meters and 59 sq. meters for GEL 26,500 – all of them without competition. All these land plots are located on Paliashvili Street in Abastumani. Abastumani 2019 belongs to the offshore company Limestone Finance International, which has links to Bidzina Ivanishvili.
In August-November 2020, Otskhe 2020 LLC won three electronic auctions for privatization without competition, purchasing land plots with a total area of 832 sq. meters in Abastumani for GEL 64,000, GEL 13,000, and GEL 51,000. The company was registered on June 30, 2020, about a month before the announcement of the first auction it won (August 7, 2020). The director and the owner of the 100% stake of the company, Zurab Kiknadze, donated GEL 25,000 to the Georgian Dream on March 20, 2020. Zurab Kiknadze is the director and owner of 20% of Zimo LLC, a company with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili.
Direct privatization
Companies with links to the Georgian Dream, as well as a newly founded one – 8 natural/legal persons in total – have received land plots with a total area of 378,223 sq. meters through the direct sale method for GEL 1,458,387[2].
On march 12, 2014, Satakha LLC was given a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 2,003 sq. meters at 17 Gamsakhurdia Street in Borjomi and building located on it, as well as the 100% stake in Sanatorium Borjomi Garden LLC, through direct sale method for GEL 365,501. (The company has fulfilled its privatization obligations.) Satakha LLC and Meeki LLC, the company belonging to the family of Enzel Mkoyan, own stakes in S G Gas Company. At that time, Enzel Mkoyan was a majoritarian MP of Ninotsminda from the Georgian Dream at the Parliament of Georgia.
On March 24, 2015, Rugby Supporters’ League N(N)LE was given a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 17,460 sq. meters in Aspindza. (The company has fulfilled its privatization obligations.) TI Georgia wrote about the links of this company to Bidzina Ivanishvili and about possible facts of corruption in the scheme of funding of the Aspindza rugby base in May 2021.
On June 9, 2016, the newly founded Freco LLC received a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 1,386 sq. meters in the village of Muskha, Akhaltsikhe Municipality, and a building located on it for GEL 1. The company was registered on April 28, 2016, 20 days before the decree of the government (May 18, 2016, Decree No. 861). (The company has fulfilled its privatization obligations.)
On July 8, 2020, Giorgi Azariashvili purchased 24 units of non-agricultural land plot with a total area of 216 sq. meters in Bakuriani and the village of Didi Mitarbi, 216 sq. meters in total. Two months later, on September 10, 2020, he donated GEL 15,000 to the Georgian Dream.
On April 10, 2017, Demetre and Company LLC received a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 34,494 sq. meters at 2 Adigeni Street in Akhaltsikhe and building no. 1-no.17 located on it for a token price of GEL 2, on the condition that it would create an enterprise manufacturing construction materials. Both the director and owner of the company is Demetre Tateshvili. Four months after receiving the land plot, on August 3, 2017, his company Arali LLC donated GEL 40,000 to the Georgian Dream. (The company has fulfilled its privatization obligations.)
On June 9, 2021, Marine Kbilashvili, whose successor in title is Villa Abastumani LLC, bought a non-agricultural land plot with an area of 5,684 sq. meters on Rustaveli Street in Abastumani for GEL 568,400. Marine Kbilashvili is the mother of Eldar Kbilashvili, a member of the Adigeni City Council from the Georgian Dream. And the owner of a 20% stake in Villa Abastumani, Zurab Kiknadze, is the director and owner of a 20% stake in Zimo LLC, a company with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili. (By the time we received the information, the time frame for the fulfillment of the privatization obligations had not yet expired.) Villa Abastumani LLC was founded eight days before the conclusion of the contract on privatization, on September 1.
On July 21, 2021, Mindia Lomidze bought two non-agricultural land plots with an area of 28,629 sq. meters in the village of Khaki, Akhaltsikhe Municipality, for GEL 28,629 in total. At that time, Mindia Lomidze’s father, Davit Lomidze, held the position of the Deputy State Representative to Samtskhe-Javakheti, and two months later, he became the Chairperson of the Akhaltsikhe Municipal Council.
On February 23, 2022, Jaba Chkhitunidze bought an agricultural (arable) land plot with an area of 288,351 sq. meters in the village of Bolajuri, Adigeni Municipality, for GEL 461,360. Since then, residents of Bolajuri have periodically held rallies, protesting against the transfer of the land plot to a private person. According to them, no one in the village has sufficient arable land and, for this reason, the land plot should be distributed among the people. In 2012, when representatives of the Georgian Dream party were unable to rent space for their office in the Adigeni Municipality due to the pressure and intimidation on the part of the then authorities, the first office of the Georgian Dream was opened in Bolajuri, in the house of the brothers Jaba and Besik Chkhitunidze. The head of the campaign headquarters was also Besik Chkhitunidze.
For the card:
In the years 2013-2021, 507,998 sq. meters of land was sold in Samtskhe-Javakheti to persons with links to the Georgian Dream and serving in public office through auctions and the direct sale method for GEL 9,184,072.
Public officials, their family members
24 individuals
90,140 sq. meters
Persons with links to the Georgian Dream
13 natural/legal persons
348,570 sq. meters
Companies with links to Bidzina Ivanishvili
10 companies
70,433 sq. meters
72.7% of the land plots put on auction were sold without competition.